Fiscal and Monetary Policies

Introduction Fiscal policy is defined as â€Å"government’s program with respect to the purchase of goods and services and spending on transfer payments and also with respect to the amount and types of taxes† (Samuelson and Nordhaus 3). The difference between monetary and fiscal policy is that monetary policy is implemented by the government whereas fiscal policies are designed by the national government.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Fiscal and Monetary Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The government of the United State of America is tasked with the responsibility of managing the economic pace, stabilizing of prices and provision of employment. This is achieved mainly through fiscal and monetary policy. Fiscal policy involves the determination of taxes and monetary policy involves regulation of money supply. Monetary and fiscal policies in the USA during great recession The governme nt of the USA since the great depression of 1930 has been constantly involved in efforts to find suitable monetary and fiscal policy that will stimulate growth and contribute towards the stabilization of prices. Monetary policy in the USA is the jurisdiction of the Federal Reserve Bank. It is achieved through the varying of interest rates to either reduce or increases demand. During periods of recession, the interest rate is reduced by the relevant authority to trigger an increased money supply. Monetary policy is a significant tool widely used during times of recession. Unlike the fiscal policy that is directly under the armpits of serving government, the monetary policy is an independent action of the Federal Reserve which is an independent entity (Policies 1). The impact of fiscal and monetary policies during the period of recession can be analyzed using the duration analysis. This (duration analysis) models the probability that an event is likely to occur like recession (IMF 116 ). Among the monetary measures undertaken during recessions are the interest rate cuts. This however might have limited impact in the times of financial crisis like the one experience during the 2008 unlike fiscal policy which is likely to reduce durations of recession that emanate from financial crisis.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This fiscal policy is achieved through government acting as the last spender. The 2008 recession led to large decrease in consumption rate in households. The fact that the recession was synchronized left limited chance of recovery. The decrease in the consumption rate in the USA resulted to decline in external demand for other countries. Fiscal policies have been considered the best measure that can cure recession. According to Keynes, fiscal policy solves the real problem. Among the fiscal policies implemented during the great recession are; Boosting aggregate demand; despite this being identified as one of the policies to be implemented, during the great recession, there has been lack of unanimity on how the aggregate demand can be pushed. During this period the government enlarges its spending with increase in unemployment, cushioning of the jobless and the poor. This period is characterized by the decrease in tax revenue due to the limited economic activity. Increasing the aggregate demand among the households and the businesses is also another measure that the government undertakes to curb recession. To increase investment the government of the USA provided direct aid to states and firms in form of grants and loans (Tcherneva 4). In 2008, the government of the USA increased its expenditure, in the era of G. Bush; the injection of government spending was in the purchasing of non performing assets from the balance sheet of ailing banks, despite being carried by the Federal Reserve it was a fiscal policy since Fed eral Reserve can not purchase private sector liabilities unless ordered by the congress. The government also injected a lot of cash to the general Motors and the Citigroup besides nationalizing the insurance company AIG. This was aimed at stabilizing the balance sheets of these banks. President Obama also implemented another fiscal policy referred as American recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA). This program appropriated $787 billion and $288billion in tax cuts and benefits to both individuals and families. It also supplemented temporary assistance to poor families with emergency funds.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Fiscal and Monetary Policies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The above policies could not effectively deal with the recession. This is because the measures by the government where not in tandem with what other players did. It happened that when the government increased spending, firm s, household and states reduced their spending. Also this had the short term effect of solving the recession since it did not boost the net output. This government measure was short term since it did not fulfill the desire of the policy makers which was to create employment. The short term effects of these policies were that they helped solve the economic recession by achieving the short term intentions (Tcherneva 5). The long term effect of ARRA was the creation of employment. It was argued in the Romer-Bernstein report that without the ARRA, the unemployment rate could be as high has 9% and with a strong fiscal policy it could have made it 8%. The reality on the ground was that unemployment was hovering around 10% which was a record high and exceeded the (natural) rate. The ARRA helped the economy get out of the crisis since it enhanced spending on health care, unemployment and infrastructure. The stimulus package as it is known was aimed at promoting investment and consumer spend ing These fiscal policies have not targeted creation of employment but instead interested with the economic growth which is argued could have been the other way round. This was contrary to what Keynes advocated for; this was a direct job creation and not government spending which was short term (Baumol and Blinder 31). The following graph indicates how the global recessions led to massive unemployment in the USA. Figure 1Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Among the monetary rates implemented by the USA during the recession included the following Cutting the interest rate; the federal reserves’ response to the inflation was to cut the interest rate by up to 500 percentage point. This was implemented by the federal open market committee (FOMC). Although this was unconventional way but it was considered a viable option for cutting the inflation. Increasing liquidity in banks; this was done after the collapse of the Lehman brothers. This however was not substantial to curb the crisis since despite the presence of ample liquidity in banks, there were still concerns about bank capital and its assets and hence credit risk could limit the ability of banks to extend credit, this left companies without any specific sources of funding. This was implemented through the introduction of exceptional long term operations and also through modified discount window. This was aimed at breaking the shortfall of money supply and also to lengthen re financing operations (Katkov 27) The Federal Reserve also introduced the policy of term action (TAF) and the term securities lending facility (TSLF). This was aimed at providing liquidity to wider parties. Lastly, the Federal Reserve introduced the policy communication which was aimed at improving its communication with the markets. The effects of these policies were that banks improved their lending capacity; this had the effect of creating a higher risk of defaulting and two banks could charge a high interest rate to enable them offset this risk (Janus 17). The increased supply of credit would prove dangerous to the economy. The practice of commercial banks lowering interest rates led to an increase in money supply in the market and also increase demand for investment goods. The fall in interest rate is only a temporary measure, Ricardo also argued that increased domestic money will act as an austerity measure that will excite the common citizens but will not provide a solution to the problem of recession (Ricardo 266) Conclusion The policies that were used by the Federal Reserve were considered unconventional and were only aimed at achieving short term objectives and quickly arresting the recession. The long term measures were not considered and hence still places the United States at a higher risk of experiencing a recession due to its inability to overcome another recession. There is a need for long term solutions. Regarding to the fiscal policy, several scholar and economic commentators have described them as just austerity measures which were formulated to solve the short term issues. The provision of employment which is considered a long term issue was not adequately addressed. The increased government spending can not in any way contribute to economic growth. The creation of employment is considered the long term plan which can provide permanent solution. Yes both policies helped mitigate the recession but they did not factor in the long term solution s. Works Cited Baumol, William and Blinder, Alan. Macroeconomics: Principles and Policy. New York: Cengage Learning, 2010. Print. IMF. Crisis and recovery: World economic and financial surveys, World economic outlook. New York: Prentice Hall, 2009. Print. Janus, Jakub. The monetary policy response to the late 2000s recession in the United States. Macroeconomy, 2010. Web. Katkov, Alexander. The great recession of 2008-2009 and Government’s role. Johnson Wales University, 2011. Web. Policies. Fiscal policy versus monetary policy. Faculty, 2011. Web. Ricardo, David. Critical assessments of leading economists. New York: Routledge, 1992. Print. Tcherneva, Pavlina. Fiscal Policy Effectiveness: Lessons from the Great Recession Levy Economics Institute of Bard College. Levy Institute, 2011. Web. This term paper on Fiscal and Monetary Policies was written and submitted by user Dulce Norman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How Stalin Used the Four techniques of a Dictator essays

How Stalin Used the Four techniques of a Dictator essays How Stalin Used the Four Techniques of a Dictator A dictatorship is a system of government where the power is centralized. There are four techniques dictators use to be successful; indoctrination, controlled participation, scapegoating and force. Using these four techniques, dictators can achieve their goals. The purpose of indoctrination is to create a like minded society that believes in the governments policies. When Stalin was the dictator of the Soviet Union, he used indoctrination in the area of religion. He strongly discouraged religion and closed down nearly 40,000 Christian churches and 25,000 mosques. Church leaders were arrested and imprisoned. People who avoided getting arrested were forbidden to organize any religious activity in public. Stalin wanted everyone to believe in Atheism, so the Communist Party set up a League of Militant Atheists whose job it was to turn people away from their religious beliefs. They burnt religious icons, set up anti-religious museums and organized anti-religious propaganda campaigns. The League of Militant Atheists had over 5.5 million members, thus creating a lot of people who thought the same way about religion. Stalin also used indoctrination in the area of culture. All artists, writers, painters, composers, were kept on a strict watch by the Communist Party to make sure that they all supported the Party and the government. To be a writer in the Soviet Union, you had to join the Union of Soviet Writers. If you were a member of this organization, your writing had to follow a policy of socialist realism. This meant that all writing including novels, filmscripts, poems, plays and journalism had to deal with the lives of ordinary working people and show the advancement of Communism. The same applied to all other creative artists. If you didnt conform, you would be sent to labor camps. Therefore, Soviet people were able to read only books that suppo...

The Population of Los Angeles, California

The Population of Los Angeles, California The Los Angeles population can be looked at in a variety of ways- it can refer to the population of the City of Los Angeles, the County of Los Angeles, or to the greater Los Angeles metropolitan area, each of which is considered to be L.A. Los Angeles County, for instance, contains  88 cities including the City of Los Angeles, Long Beach, Santa Clarita, Glendale, and Lancaster, as well as several unincorporated communities whose combined population makes it the largest county in the United States in terms of occupancy. The demographics of these populations is also varied and diverse, depending on where in Los Angeles and LA County you look. In total, the population of Los Angeles is about 50 percent white, nine percent African American, 13 percent Asian, about one percent Native American or Pacific Islander, 22 percent from other races, and about 5 percent from two or more races. Population by City, County, and Metro Area The City of Los Angeles is a very large one, it is the nations second-largest city (following New York City). The January  2016 population estimate according to the California Department of Finance for the population of the City of Los Angeles was 4,041,707. The County of Los Angeles is the largest county in the United States based on population, and according to the California Department of Finance, the LA County population as of January 2017 was 10,241,278. LA County is home to 88 cities, and the population of those cities varies from 122 people in Vernon to nearly four million in the City of Los Angeles. The largest cities in LA County are: Los Angeles: 4,041,707Long Beach: 480,173Santa Clarita: 216,350Glendale: 201,748Lancaster: 157,820 The United States Census Bureau estimates the population of the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, California Combined Statistical Area as of 2011 as 18,081,569. The LA metro population is the countrys second largest, following New York City (New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA). This Combined Statistical Area includes the Metropolitan Statistical Areas of Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, and Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura. Demographics and Population Growth Although most of the population of the Los Angeles metropolitan area is centralized in the City of Los Angeles, its diverse population is spread over 4,850 square miles (or 33,954 square miles for the wider statistical area), with several of the cities serving as gathering spots for specific cultures. For instance, of the 1,400,000 Asians living in Los Angeles,  a majority live in Monterey Park, Walnut, Cerritos, Rosemead, San Gabriel, Rowland Heights, and Arcadia while  the majority of the  844,048 African Americans that live in LA live in View Park-Windsor Hills, Westmont, Inglewood, and Compton. In 2016, Californias population grew but just under one percent, adding a total of over 335,000 residents to the state. While much of this growth was spread across the state, nine counties in northern and eastern California saw a decrease in population, which is a trend thats existed for the better part of the last 10 years. The largest of these growth changes, though, happened in Los Angeles County, which added 42,000 people to its population, increasing it for the first time to over four million residents.

Analyse Pakistan As A Tourist Country Tourism Essays

Analyse Pakistan As A Tourist Country Tourism Essays Analyse Pakistan As A Tourist Country Tourism Essay Analyse Pakistan As A Tourist Country Tourism Essay Pakistan appeared as a modern state on 14 August 1947. There are four states and all four states of Pakistan are gifted with heritage and civilization one of the fertile and alone aggregations of olympian and rugged mountains, exuberant Fieldss, comeuppances, rivers, lakes, coasts and landscapes enriched with friendly and hospitable people therefore doing it a celestial finish for tourers with different gustatory sensations. Pakistan is known in the universe of touristry because of the cragged parts of the North, the Hindukush, Karakoram and the Great Himalaya who form the densest concentration of high extremums in the universe. Kalam ( Swat vale ) in Pakistan is known as the Switzerland of Asia. The Hunza and Chitral vales in Pakistan were the place to a little pre-Islamic animist Kalasha community who claim descent from the ground forces of Alexander the Great ( Mapsofworld.com ) . The historical and archeological sites of Ghandhara and Indus Valley civilisations, Mohenjo-Daro, Tax ila and the Mughal Empire are the illustrations of oldest civilisations in Pakistan. This multicultural nature of the state besides contributes to the touristry industry in the manner that it offers assorted traditions, imposts and festivals for the tourers to research and bask. Problem statement: Harmonizing to the above paragraph, Pakistan seems to be a perfect topographic point for tourers to be visited but still the tourer s reaching is diminishing twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours if we take into consideration the old ages from 1995 boulder clay 2008. Purposes and Aims: The purpose of my thesis is to happen out the positive and negative factors which are impacting the Pakistan touristry industry and besides the cause of tourers worsening ratio. Find out the function of the authorities towards the development of this industry and suggest some schemes that can better this sector and besides detect the concealed potency of touristry industry. Another motive behind this research is to analyze and compare the economic consequence of touristry in footings of money and occupation coevals in our state as compared to the adjacent states. Research Questions: The research inquiries are: What are the factors impacting touristry industry in Pakistan? How much potency Pakistan has got in touristry industry? How touristry industry created gross and occupation for the state? What will be the schemes to develop the touristry industry in Pakistan? What the authorities should make to develop the touristry industry in Pakistan? Literature reappraisal and theoretical background: In this chapter, I will discourse some of the available literature and compare it with my research work giving a broader image of the alone nature of the work and its practical utility. Literature reappraisal: Kakar et Al. 2007, in their research thesis provided a relation between touristry and employment in Pakistan. The intent of this research was to find the rate of employment generated in different businesss from the touristry sector. The study was carried out by personal visit to the hotels, eating houses, souvenir stores, travel agents, auto hire houses, circuit operators and air hose offices. They designed a questionnaire for this intent. The study was restricted in the sense that it was carried out in merely two metropoliss of Pakistan i.e. Swat and Abbottabad and secondly it was carried out in hotels and eating houses. No effort was made to find the entire impact of touristry on different employment sectors like taxis, ushers, amusement, travel bureaus etc. furthermore the statistical informations provided on the figure of hotels, figure of beds and the figure of people employed is limited in the sense that there is no proper information about the time/date/year in which the infor mation was recorded. Baloch ( 2007 ) in his research of pull offing touristry in Pakistan trades with the issue of naming the cause of creeping nature of Pakistan s touristry growing and suggest ways to develop this industry through natural, historical and cultural resources. The research was carried in Chitral valley merely. The methodological analysis used was entering the positions of tourers, locals, hotelkeepers and informations aggregation from Pakistan Tourism Development Corporation ( PTDC ) and Ministry of Tourism. The research is restricted in the sense that the deteriorating status of this industry is explained merely for 2006 and there is no proper statistical informations provided for Chitral vale. The information was collected from the concerned sections and there is no proper findings obtained from the tourers and hotelkeepers. Although some of the surveies found and discussed above are related to the touristry industry in Pakistan but there is barely any research that focuses chiefly on positive and negative factors set uping Pakistan touristry industry on a whole and compare this industry to its adjacent states. I ll concentrate on factors set uping touristry, its impact on employment and the gross earned for the whole state. The research will include statistical informations for last 14 old ages which will assist in comparing the public presentation of this sector with other states besides. Theoretical Background: There are many positive and negative factors which are impacting Pakistan touristry industry. These are as follows: Positive factors: The tourers normally travel to see different topographic points and things other like clime, nature, civilizations, people, imposts, humanistic disciplines, culinary arts, linguistic communications, alone festivals, old historical edifices and sites etc. the ground why Pakistan has a great potency in touristry industry is that it posses every individual thing that could run into the demand of visitants. Following are the types of touristry in Pakistan: Diaspora Tourism: Harmonizing to Clarke ( 2003 ) the term Diaspora refers to a individual who is from one state but originates from another and identifies with the state of beginning. The term Diaspora can be approached from two different waies, as a typological tool and as a societal status. When the term is used typologically it refers to a group of people who have moved from one topographic point to another and who still identify with their fatherland. The fatherland is merely a metaphor, it may non even exist but it still carries significance for the person. Clarke ( 2003 ) argues that Diaspora is people who have relocated for any of five different grounds ; victim, labour, trade, imperial and civilization. All of these grounds are in some manner forced upon the person, which is the cardinal thought behind this type of attack to the Diasporas phenomena. For illustration, the British who immigrated involuntarily to the different settlements were imperial Diasporas. The typological attack to the Di asporas issue is that it disregards the differences within the different groups. So it is more accurate to depict Diaspora as a status. The status of being from one topographic point but of another and place with sentiments towards a fatherland ( Clarke, 2003 ) Harmonizing to Ali Eteraz ( 2008 ) , more than 7 million Pakistani people are populating outside from Pakistan. Pakistan has got a big figure of Pakistani Diaspora which can lend a positive function in the economic system of Pakistan. Apart from Diaspora, sing friends and household touristry is besides really of import. Many of these Pakistani Diasporas have friends and households populating in Pakistan, and they continue to see these friends and households playing more positive function in the development of Pakistani touristry. Domestic Tourism: Harmonizing to Richter ( 1989 ) , many states of the universe take domestic touristry as a hapless cousin and did nt pay much attending but harmonizing to Boniface and Cooper domestic touristry make up 80 % of the universe touristry flow. In Pakistan, there are many worthwhile topographic points which non merely attract international tourers but besides domestic tourers. Heritage Tourism: Pakistan is a place to the most dramatic ancient metropoliss of the universe including the Indus and Gandhara civilisation. Taxila, Moenjodaro and Harrppa, museums, Mughal heritage and the silk path, Badshahi Masjid, Shalimar Gardens, Tomb of Jahangir and the Lahore Fort ( UNIC, 2011 ) . Lahore Fort K Ali Figure 2: Lahore Fort ( Source: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.gardenvisit.com/garden/lahore_fort ) Religious/ Spiritual or Pilgrimage Tourism: Pakistan is besides celebrated for its shrines and temples. Each twelvemonth non merely Muslims from different states come to see the holy shrines but besides the Hindus, Sikhs and Buddhist visit Pakistan for pilgrims journey ( UNIC, 2011 ) . hypertext transfer protocol: https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhfEFT33DJafl0Xx71c1utCdIppfih0-eanMC3U1eP2RWLjWrVaAmFDVspoCePJ1hO9nSmbTNxd2S-2o7hxL9URdMFv6m_9R96EMqqFTqlk7BLizFLY1o_fo4zJhyyXUqcIfH9_EgDxIWL/s400/shrine-abdullah-shah-ghazi.jpg Figure 3: Shrines of Pakistan ( Source: hypertext transfer protocol: //pak-istan.blogspot.com/2009/09/shrines-of-pakistan.html ) Cultural Tourism: Besides archeological sites and architecture chef-doeuvres of Mughal emperors and British ancestors, Pakistani culinary art and festivals are yet another interesting portion of rich Pakistani civilization. The nutrient streets in Pakistan are going a major beginning of attractive force for tourers as they can bask the local Pakistani nutrient every bit good as the colourful streets and people shopping in the streets at the same clip. Celebrated nutrient streets in Pakistan are Food Street Gawalmandi and Anarkali in Lahore, Melody and bluish country Food Street in Islamabad, Burns Road in Karachi, and Ghantar Ghar in Peshawar. Festivals tend to supply jubilation, joy, mental and physical refreshment to non merely local people but besides the tourers who come with the purpose to research and bask different civilizations and festivals. Some of the celebrated cultural ceremonials and festivals of Pakistan include Lok virsa mela, Horse and cows shows, Basant or kite flight, Festivals of l amps, Northern countries festivals including the celebrated Kalash festivals and Silk path festivals etc ( UNIC, 2011 ) . Food Street, Lahore Figure 4: Food Street Lahore ( Source: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.studentsoftheworld.info/sites/country/26292.php ) Adventure or ECO Tourism: ECO or adventure touristry is the most important portion of the touristry industry as Pakistan is blessed with universes most beautiful and celebrated mountains, lakes vales, glaciers and base on ballss. Tourists non merely bask the site screening but besides perform activities like skiing, hike, surfing, bivouacing and cruising. Mountaineering and trekking are the most exciting activities that tourists enjoy. World 2nd largest mountain K2 and Switzerland of Asia known as Swat vale is besides located in Pakistan. Silk path is besides included among Pakistan attractive forces as it is an ancient path linking E and the West. Pakistan is besides place to 31 natural and manmade lakes and reservoirs. The chopper or train campaign is besides really celebrated among tourers as they travel to see the most dramatic positions of landscapes and mines across the state. The chopper campaign is the latest agencies of going as it takes the tourers high in the sky so they can bask the highest extrem ums in the North and comeuppances in the South ( UNIC, 2011 ) . chink here to enlarge Figure 5: Ayubia ( Source: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.offthemap.ca/diaster.php ) Wild Life Tourism: There are about 14 national Parkss which give a beautiful glance of the rich Flora and Fauna of Pakistan. And there are 2 safari Parkss with assorted types of animate beings like Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelams, king of beastss, monkeys, elephants, camelopard, pythons, birds, cervid s etc ( UNIC, 2011 ) . hypertext transfer protocol: https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxb6Z4uU31j2poAvjpsoDCQ0XSltWJq8U-YnnidYzS_3koTFdPHgL5B-6rjqo0VX-IskLw9ME8liPx4_WXflZUZGKenxndZhplK61WRO__7olWhyphenhyphenuo5Vo-0HrIuCA-gD8uCBLQmeeMA98/s320/CIMG2056.JPG Figure 6: Kund Wild Life Park ( Source: hypertext transfer protocol: //kiranpalwasha.blogspot.com/2010_03_01_archive.html ) Sports Tourism: Pakistan is popular as a tourer athleticss finish. Himalayan scope which is the universe s highest mountain scope in the universe demands for professional trekking along with general trekking. Other types of athleticss touristry include white H2O rafting, wild Sus scrofa hunting in deep woods, shandur Polo games, mountain biking, golf, ice mounting, stone mounting, snowboarding, skiing, undermining and pot keeping etc. rich people and prince come from in-between E for cervid hunting in Pakistan. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hakeekat.com/enews/posts/userfiles/Shandur % 20Polo % 20festival % 281 % 29.jpg Figure 7: Polo ( Source: hypertext transfer protocol: //insidesportsmania.blogspot.com/2010/12/polo.html ) All the above mentioned factors contribute positively to Pakistan touristry industry but along with these, there are besides negative factors which are impacting Pakistan touristry industry and have resulted in the loss of tourers reaching in Pakistan. Negative Factors: The negative factors set uping Pakistan touristry industry are the positions and sentiments of domestic and international tourers obtained via questionnaire and interview. Harmonizing to the tourers, the biggest job they are confronting while going is security issues which include the current insurgence in Pakistan. Even the domestic tourers do nt experience like going in their ain state. Second issue of tourers decline is negative image of Pakistan portrayed by media to the outside universe. Lack of substructure, uneffective promotional policies, unequal tourer s services and installations, deficiency of enterprises by concerned authorities sections, unequal cognition and preparation of forces in touristry sector, jurisprudence and order state of affairs particularly in the high tourers attraction countries, unequal substructure installations, deficiency of inducements in the tourer sector, failure to demo and project the positive image of the state via media to the outside universe , low allotment of one-year tourer budget, deficiency of development and installations in the mountain parts, deficiency of understanding to the tourer demands, the passing and alteration of authoritiess and disposal within the state ( army regulation ) and high rising prices rate are the key points which have wholly made touristry an unsuccessful industry in Pakistan. The touristry Ministry is non playing sufficient function and tourer faces troubles in acquiring timely visa and other information s. The touristry governments must concentrate on this sector as touristry is the lone sector, which can lend well in the poorness relief and bettering the life criterions of the local community. Factors Effecting Tourism Positive Factors Negative Factors Security jobs for the tourers Less selling and promotion on international degree Weak travel and touristry model Low allotment of one-year tourer budget High rising prices rate Passing and alteration of authoritiess Lack of inaugural by concerned authorities sections Presence of tourer attractive forces Mountains Valleies Lakes Historical topographic points Rich civilization Rich nutrient Salt mines Spring festivals 5 stars hotel ironss Restaurants Handicrafts Museums Business environment Factors set uping touristry Figure 8: Factors set uping touristry

Are Robertson's 10 principles easier or harder to apply in the context Essay

Are Robertson's 10 principles easier or harder to apply in the context of a network - Essay Example It prompted evolution of new software which has universality-provided by portable executable content, ubiquity-by making established user interface, and accessibility-by making vast quantities of corporate data. NCC is economical, because applications and data are downloaded from servers on demand and maintenance can be done at one central location. It makes the software available over the net, which enables to change user interface, and the database could be accessed through a Web browser and intranets without changing the underlying software base. End users also gain by increasing their productivity as they are not responsible for application installation, system administration, and troubleshooting tasks. Studies conducted by International Data Corporation revealed that the use of intranets enabled the companies for â€Å"rapid deployment on heterogeneous platforms, widespread acceptance and use due to the ease of using the browser technology, and the realization of the promise of openness and ability to replace components at will† and to take advantage of new enterprise strategies (Weiderman et al, 1997, p.23). Intranet is used as the primary vehicle to share information within an organization despite being located in geographically dispersed locations. This makes the Intranet the only source of specific information for making bulk of the staff more comfortable using it, thereby ensuring and preserving the culture of an organization. Intranet reduces paperwork and helps transferring information from â€Å"looking for any copy of guidelines on any drive† to â€Å"always finding the latest version on the intranet†. (Global Intranet Analysis Report, 2007, pp. 29-30 ). It is observed that â€Å"most organizations are not satisfied with search, nor do they make the necessary effort to optimize search,† and â€Å"the primary obstacle keeping the intranet from

Faith, Reason and the University Memories and Reflections Essay

Faith, Reason and the University Memories and Reflections - Essay Example Christians are called upon to embrace the need of celebrating the achievements which have been brought through modernity by securing such achievements in grounding them to become more coherent and comprehensive through the understanding of human rationality. The lecture is not only brilliant and breathtaking but also very intelligible to some of the ordinary minds. This all not only addresses the heart of modernism but also to the Islamic societies and communities. Not acting in accordance with reason is deemed contrary to the nature of God and this is central to the Christianity as emphasized by Benedict XVI. God’s transcendence is not precluded by the openness of some of the divine concepts to examination by form of reason as illustrated by the early Christian rapprochement between the Greek inquiry and biblical faith. The expedition for reason over against myth is in existence as a dynamic in the two traditions as well as being accompanied by the various forms of enlightenment in each. During the late middle ages, the church brought about and reaffirmed the real analogy which existed between man and God. This was contrary to some of the arguments that it is only reason which can be taken as a reliable way of knowing God’s will, albeit that the Unlikeness of God is infinitely greater than his likeness. The de-hellenization of Christianity is continually highlighted by Benedict all through the modern age by the use of a long process using three stages. The first stage occurs in the reformation with the emphasis on sola scriptura which is followed by the liberal theology which occurs in the 19th century having its basis on the modern self-limitation of reason as Kant expresses and radicalized by the influence and impact of natural sciences. Benedict delves into the irony that even though the sciences explain the rational structure of matter, this total dependence on the prestige brought about by the scientific

The structure of the legal profession in the United Kingdom Essay

The structure of the legal profession in the United Kingdom - Essay Example The essential difference between the two was that a barrister could represent a client in court, whereas a plain solicitor could not (Farley, 2001). A brief explanation of the reasons given for the division between the two types of lawyers will explain both the advantages and disadvantages of the fused system that has now been proposed and appears to be inevitable in the near future. The barrister was traditionally trained at one of the Inns of Court, and undertook both formal legal training and practical experience under the pupilage of a senior barrister. This system was meant to ensure that there was a relatively small but highly experienced group of trial advocates who would give the highest quality of representation to clients whose cases actually got to court, and who would also maintain a smoothly running court because they were specialists in that procedure (Hailsham, 1983). There were also other reasons given for having a separation between barristers and solicitors. These include the fact that having an independent barrister reviewing a cause for action enables the client to receive a fresh and independent opinions. The barrister system also enables smaller firms of solicitors to compete with larger firms as they all have access to the same independent barristers (who are legally barred from forming partnerships). A barrister can also act as a kind of check and balance on a solicitor during the trial, and if incompetence is seen may advise the client on a possible cause for action against the solicitor. The disadvantages of the barrister system are supposedly many, and these are starting to outweigh the perceived advantages throughout the British legal system. These include the fact that having more than one legal adviser leads to higher costs. It is also argued that as barristers depend upon solicitors for their work referrals, they are unlikely to criticize them. Thus the "checks and balances" idea is somewhat offset by the fact that a barrister is unlikely to bite the hand that feeds him/her. The over-specialization of barristers means that they may not have sufficient legal exposure outside of their fields and thus may not in fact give the best representation in cases that overlap several areas of the law (Clementi, 2004). As the government has suggested the legal system in Britain is widely regarded as "outdated, inflexible, over-complex and insufficiently accountable or transparent" (Clementi, 2004). The idea that the two major sections of the legal service system:- solicitor and barrister - should be fused together, is currently gaining steam within the United Kingdom. The main thrust for future developments is to be found within the very title of the government's latest policy issuance on the subject: The Future of Legal Services: Putting Consumers First (Crown, 2005). The government is careful not to suggest that those solicitors and barristers that currently work separately are in general offering bad services to their clients, stating that "the professional competence of lawyers is not in doubt . . . the caliber of many of our legal professionals is among the best in the world" (Crown, 2005). But the report goes on to say that "many consumers are finding that they are not receiving a good or fair deal." In response to this the government seeks to produce a legal system that is "efficient, effective and economic" and which will be a "transparent and accountable industry" (Crown,

Answering three questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Answering three questions - Essay Example Natural law is the pivot upon which man attain all these goals. It disputes validity requirement of law on the basis of social facts. Legal positivism is a set of legal theories postulating that law refers to rules enacted within the jurisdiction of a state provided it is legitimately imposed on subjects and it is outside the sphere of moral content. Legal positivism treats law as a mechanism of well-defined rules, which acknowledges some norms as laws. Natural law theory supposes that an interconnection exists between law and morality. According to natural law theory, the moral content of law asserts its validity. Law is not law if it is unjust. Therefore, law is not necessarily what is enacted in the statutes and that legislation is not law if it is deficient of morality, thus lacks authority. On the other hand, Legal positivism emphasizes the on delinking law from morality. According to legal positivism, there is a line between law and morality. Legal positivism is built on two theses: separation and social theses. The social thesis emphasizes law as a social phenomenon whose soundness is determined by social facts, which are crucial sources of law. On the contrary, separation thesis holds that a separation exists between law and morality. Natural law theory is not without problems. First, it makes too ambitious claims on morality’s behalf. Finnis does not supply a convincing argument to back up his claims on the values and principles. He also does not explicitly demonstrate that these values and principles have the potential to provide reasonable law criticism (Taekema 213). Natural law also appears to as anarchism plea as well as conservatism plea. These accusations point at the indeterminacy of the principles of natural law legal theory. The other problem with natural law legal theory is the manner in which its objective ethics deal with conflict. According to Taekema, â€Å"Jeremy Waldron argues

Consumer in Hospitality Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer in Hospitality - Case Study Example Sociological factors such as family and friends influences. The physical environment such as it's location, setting and different activities offered. The marketing strategies will include the brand image, loyalty, visuals, advertisement (http://www.fourseasons.com/about_us/awards_and_accolades.html) Four Seasons was founded by Isadore "Issy" Sharp. After graduating from Toronto's Ryerson's Polytechnical institute with high grades in architecture, he joined his father in selling refurbished houses at a profit. However, it was his dream to build a hotel of his own. For 5years, he tried to find banks and investors to finance in his project. In the spring of 1961, Sharp's 126-room Inn was opened. Despite the hotel's poor location in Toronto's red light district, the hotel managed to attract many wealthy customers. His second venture, Toronto's Inn opened in 1963. The real fame came along with the Four Seasons Hotel at Hyde Park in London. Despite having average-than-higher room rates, it held 95% occupancy. Four Seasons now has 70 hotels in 31 countries, and more than 25 properties under development. Sales for the Toronto-based luxury hotel chain were $57.6 million this year. "My experience with this hotel took place in February, 2006. I travelled to this hotel with business colleagues. I recommend this hotel for: business travellers, couples and romantics, honeymooners, families with teenagers, large groups, seniors, tourists." "My experience with this hotel took place in March, 2006. My husband and I recently spent a weekend at the Four Seasons in Philadelphia. Having previously stayed at The Rittenhouse (couldn't get a reservation there) we expected a similar level of quality and sevice. It was not the case. We were kindly upgraded to a suite which was nice but not spectacular. We had dinner in The Fountain Restaurant which was very good but extremely expensive. The room service menu is limited and also extremely expensive (I stay in alot of first class hotels and the prices here are high). Took advantage of their spa twice and it was fine although nothing too special. Overall, it is a nice hotel but not the quality you would expect for a 4-Seasons.I wouldn't stay there again, there are a lot of excellent options in Philadelphia." "My experience with this hotel took place in March 2006. The one thing that stuck out in my whole experience there was the friendliness and attentiveness of ALL staff. From the front desk person coming out from behind the desk to show us where the elevator and restaurants were to the housekeeping staff giving us a big smile and "good morning" to the staff on the phone asking if there was anything else they could do for you when we had a question, it was top notch!! Good Job Four Seasons." Since the 1960s Four Seasons Hotel and Resorts have not only challenged the traditional luxury image and established itself amongst the top but has also proven to extend its own boundaries, "culminating in the re-opening of the flagship George V hotel in Paris in 1999, which offers guests a combination of old world luxury and modern amenities". Despite being very different from the first hotel opened in Toronto in 1961, its position as a luxury hotel as been the same in locations such as

Different Reasons People Comunicate Essay Example for Free

Different Reasons People Comunicate Essay There are lots of reasons why people communicate at work. For example, to share ideas and thoughts, to express needs and feelings, to socialise, to gain and share information, to build relationship and to maintain relationship, to understand and to be understood and to receive instructions, to give encouragement and show others that we care. In order to work effectively with children and their families, it is important to have good relationship with a range of people. Those who have good communication skills are likely to have strong relationship with children, parents and other adults. Sometimes we need extra support and services to help people comunicate properly. Translation and interpreting services I know about few cases at school where teachers had to use translator services to facilitate written communication between parents whose English is an additional language. In addition, they may use interpreting services to facilitate spoken communication. Read more:  Identify five different reasons why people communicate  essay For sensitive matters should be used a professional interpreter as they have trained to translate the message but not misinterpret it. They have also been trained not to say their opinion or change the nature of what the other person is trying to say. Speech and language services – we may need to use these services to help us find ways of communicating with children and young people. They may provide suggestions and guidance as to how to use resources such as Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) or training in visual systems such as Makaton. They showed up to be very efective with children with autism and down sindrome as many more. Advocacy services – a child or young person might be assigned an advocate whose task is to reflect their best interest. The use of advocates is needed for children or young people who are in local authority care or for children or young people with communication difficulties. Third sector organisations – for example, Royal National Institute for Deaf People (RNID) – we may use these services if we have children in the setting who are hearing impairment. These services provide training courses and consultancy on deafness and disability. They also offer communication services including sigh language, interpreters and provide services for deaf and hard of hearing people with additional needs. We need to find ways of communicating with children and build relationship with them so they find it easier to settle into a new environment. When parents find that their children are happy with us they will trust us and have total confidence in us. Comunication is a key in my job role as a Nanny so I can fullfill needs of children and than pass all details to parents, so they ll know, their child is happy and safe. I use to do it thru comunication books or during the handower at the end of the day. To work effectively we will need to gain and share information. This might be from basic information about how a child is feeling, what they are interested in or it might be information about their long-term health and welfare. In nurseries and schools for teams to work well together, it is important that relationships within them are strong and professional. The quality of relationships with colleagues can be disturb or threatened by the way they tallk to each other, react to their suggestions and the tone of the voice that they use. When relationships break down in professional teams, children, young people and their families are likely to receive a less effective service as this would afect them all. Friendly comunication in work place helps building loyalty and trust, they are aware of the needs of the children and job is done properly.

Impact of Teratogens Affecting the Prenatal Child

Impact of Teratogens Affecting the Prenatal Child Tracy Morrissey The aim of this discussion is to explore the impact of teratogens affecting the prenatal child and the interventions available to assist in preventing teratogens. For the purpose of this discussion three particular and prominent teratogens are highlighted including malnutrition, drugs which include alcohol/cigarettes and lastly exploring sexually transmitted diseases. These teratogens are highlighted because of the effects of the recession on Irish society today. A report by The Economic and Social Research Institute (ERSI) tells us that 22% of people living in households are unemployed, double the average within Europe. (ERSI 2012). The effects of this crisis includes further poverty which can lead to malnutrition and often a reliance on substances for comfort in these difficult times. ‘’Knowing, is not enough, we must apply, willing is not enough, we must do. ‘’ (J.W. Von Goethe). A teratogen, a Greek word, meaning monster is anything that creates a birth defect. (Santrock 2005). Teratology is the study of such teratogens. Teratogens can include environmental toxins, alcohol, drugs, incompatible blood types, diseases, inadequate nutrition, stress and advanced paternal and maternal age. (Santrock 2004). Exposure to potentially hazardous agents throughout pregnancy is common. Many exposures are unavoidable, as pregnancy is often unplanned or unnoticeable for a period after conception. (Queenan et al 2010). Abnormalities in prenatal development can be an outcome from exposure to teratogens. Each organ structure is at its most vulnerable to harm when it is developing at its quickest, during the first eight weeks of pregnancy, carrying the greatest risk of exposure to teratogens during this critical period. If a teratogen interferes during a critical period, a certain body structure will not form correctly. (Boyd and Bee 2012). The first twelve weeks of foetal life is a time of remarkable cellular configuration and development that is not fully understood, even to this day. By the completion of this time, the main anomalies that can affect the foetus are already in place and the sooner they occur, the more extreme the damage. There are pregnant women with the belief that everything they do has an effect on the unborn child and there are others who assume that nothing, or little, affects the unborn child. In fact, the truth is, it lies somewhere in the middle of both of these extremes. (Santrock 2005). A substantial number of already pregnant women are compromised or at risk symptomatic of things such as inappropriate nutrition, smoking, consumption of drugs and alcohol, medications, genitourinary infections, inadequate dental health and anaemia (WHO 2002). The most important factor in development of the foetus is the mother’s diet. (Carlson et al 2004). Maternal malnutrition during gestation can cause foetal growth limitations. Changes in foetal nutrition can result in developmental variations that can permanently alter the physiology and structure of the unborn child, predisposing people to endocrine, pulmonary and cardiovascular illnesses in adult life. (Lee 2011). Under normal conditions, the prenatal environment supplies the foetus with ample nutrients, this is the foetus’s single source of nutrition. An insufficient diet alone can be a factor in abnormal occurrences in the developing foetus. (Carlson et al 2004). The growing foetus relies completely on its mother for the nutrients it requires. The nutrients are released from the mother’s blood. (Santrock 2004). The reproductive system and its hormonal control structures are mainly formed in foetal life. There is an arising concern if this prenatal compromise t ranslates into any major functional deficit in reproductive functioning in adulthood. Epigenetic and possible intergenerational effects signify an exciting section of interdisciplinary research for the development of novel nutritional methods during pre and postnatal stages ensuring reproductive well-being in adult life. Maternal malnutrition can have substantial results on the developing foetal lung, this goes through rapid cellular differentiation and multiplication just before birth. (Lee 2011). Foetal growth is affected by the amount and the quality of maternal nutrition and the ability of the mother to aptly absorb and dispense maternal cardiorespiratory function, digested micronutrients, uterine blood flow, placental blood flow, placental transfer and suitable delivery and treatment of oxygen and nutrients by the foetus. (Queenan et al 2011). Studies from Holland and Leningrad during World War II imply that when maternal calorie intake fell to 800 kcal per day, birth weight was reduced to 535g in Leningrad and 250g in Holland. In modern day, the urban war creates comparable stress through domestic violence, lack of social supports and drugs. In 2011, the same as 1944-5, the connection between pregnancy and maternal nutrition status relies on a moderate weak proxy for women’s nutritional status, BMI (Body Mass Index). (Queenan et al 2011). A malnourished woman during pregnancy has a larger chance of delivering a low birth weight infant who could have intellectual problems in childhood and can be an important risk factor for mental illness as an adult. (Bee and Boyd 2012). Children who are born to malnourished mothers are more prone to having malformed offspring. (Santrock 2004). The largest impact of malnutrition appears to be on the developing nervous system. Some studies have shown severe prenatal malnutrition can even cause death in the foetus or new-born. (Bee and Boyd 2012). Folic acid (a B-complex vitamin) is very important for normal prenatal development, insufficient folic acid can be associated with neural tube defects in the unborn child, such as spina bifida. It is advisable to consume a minimum of 400 micrograms per day. It is also advisable to take a multi vitamin prior to pregnancy. (Santrock 2004). It is important for the pregnant woman to take adequate calories and protein to prevent malnutrition. (Bee and Boyd 2012). Maternal medical conditions during pregnancy can have a vast effect on foetal development, this can be compounded by drugs, smoking and alcohol use in pregnancy. Parents using opiates or misusing alcohol may also have additional difficulties, predisposing them to their lifestyle of choice, which can include a range of mental health and neurodevelopmental health problems. Mothers abusing drugs and alcohol often do not look after themselves during pregnancy, and their chaotic lifestyles do not permit optimum health. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is an umbrella term for outcomes in pregnancy in relation to alcohol, including Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), partial FAS and Alcohol related Neurodevelopmental Disorder. (Pacey 2010). Alcohol during pregnancy signifies the typical form of behavioural teratogenesis which can cause not only bodily malformations but also interference with development of the brain, attention control, substantial impairments in behaviour and language development. There is also an increased risk of behaviour difficulties throughout life. (Preece and Riley 2011). Studies have shown that alcohol can adversely affect the ovum before ovulation or whilst on its journey down the fallopian tube into the uterus. A zygote can also be affected by alcohol even before implantation in the uterine lining. (Bee and Boyd 2012). Up to 50% of women in the UK continue to drink alcohol in pregnancy in spite of many advisory bodies recommending avoidance of alcohol use. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists state that binge drinking in early pregnancy may be of particular harm. The larger the consumption of alcohol, the greater risk. There is double the increase in small for gestational age (SGA) when the mother consumes more than 52g of alcohol per day and a 23% increase in premature birth with more than 36g of alcohol per day. A particular study of alcohol and the effects on pregnancy which included the UK, Ireland, New Zealand and Australia showed that in Ireland and the UK 65-80% of the participants consumed alcohol in pregnancy in comparison to 38% in New Zealand and Australia. (McCarthy et al 2013). Mothers who drink heavily, or alcoholics, are at a much greater risk of delivering infants with FAS. These children are usually smaller than average, having smaller brains. They often have heart defects and loss of hearing. Their faces are characterised by a rather flat nose and a long space between the nose and the mouth. Their intelligence scores when older indicate mild mental retardation. They often have behaviour and learning difficulties that sometimes continue into adolescence and adulthood. (Boyd and Bee 2012). The estimated incidence of FAS in Europe is 0.4 per 1000 births. (Mullally et al 2011). According to the British Medical Association (BMA) in 2007 FAS is the primary known source of non-genetic intellectual disability in the western world. The BMA recommends nurses make formal diagnoses of FAS in order for early intervention and programmes for treatment. Early interventions from midwives, nurses, better education from the teaching professions and more support for the families will improve life and opportunities of young people, especially moving into adulthood. (Callanan 2013). Doctors have not identified safe levels of alcohol consumption, but experts do know that FAS is preventable by not drinking any alcohol during pregnancy. It is also advisable to refrain from drinking alcohol if trying to conceive and if there is an alcohol problem, to address this before conceiving. (Mayo Clinic 2011). According to the U.S. Surgeon General, it is recommended that no alcohol is consumed during pregnancy. (Santrock 2004). There is an association between smoking throughout pregnancy and low birth weight in infants. (Boyd and Bee 2012). The main problem with smoking is nicotine, it constricts the blood vessels, reduces nutrition and blood flow to the placenta. (Boyd and Bee 2004). The infants of mothers who smoke are on average about half a pound smaller than infants of non-smokers, the same can be said of marijuana users. (Boyd and Bee 2012). The older the smoking mother is, the higher chance of lower birth weight. (Boyd and Bee 2004). The exposure to tobacco can also have long term effects on a child’s development, with larger rates of learning difficulties and behaviour problems. Moreover, there is a likelihood to be diagnosed with an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Infants of marijuana users seem to have little interest in their surroundings for approximately two weeks after birth. At age six, these children are smaller in height than six year olds who were not exposed to marijuana. (Boyd and Bee 2012). Research shows the amount of nicotine and the severity of consequences for the unborn child. If a pregnant woman cannot quit smoking, she should at least cut back. (Boyd and Bee 2004). Some helpful ways to quit include, setting a quit date, use clove oil, this will reduce the need for a cigarette, rub a few drops onto the throat, the back of the neck or on fingertips and suck on a whole clove in order to lower cravings. The homeopathic remedy Nux vomica helps with irritability associated with the withdrawal from nicotine. (Kane 2009). Intervention programs devised to assist pregnant women discontinue smoking can help to reduce the negative effects of smoking, particularly in order to raise birth weight. (Santrock 2004). Cessation advice by health care providers, one to one, group and telephone counselling can all assist in the cessation of smoking. (Malarcher et al 2011). Use of cocaine All too often rubella and cervical cytology status is unidentified. Prenatal care and promotion is of significant importance. (WHO 2002). http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0013/131521/E79235.pdf 1

The Yemen Conflict Essay -- International Conflict

The main IGO that took part in the Yemen conflict was the Arab League. During the Yemen civil war that took place between 1962 and 1970, the Arab League was made up of six member states that included Yemen, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, and Jordan. However, the Arab League was later expanded to include twenty two member states. The role played by the Arab League during the Civil war in Yemen, is evident from the roles in which the individual members of this union played in order to further its interests. Egypt was known as the United Arab Republic during this conflict and it had good relations with Yemen. In 1958, Yemen joined Egypt and Syria and the resulting union was known as the United Arab State. However, this union did not last for long because it was soon dissolved in 1961 after Syria seceded from the union. In 1962, Mohammed Al-Bdr took over the leadership of Yemen after the death of Imam Ahmed. One week after Al-Bdr came to power, the forces of revolution, led by soldiers, o verthrew the new leader and declared that Yemen was an Arab Republic (Caton 21). Mohammed Al-Bdr and other members of the royal family escaped to the northern part of Syria where they joined forces with some of the tribes who lived in that region. The newly created royal union received material and financial support from outside and used these resources to wage war against the republicans in the capital. The republican forces that had overthrown the leadership of Imam accused Saudi Arabia of supporting Al-Bdr forces, and threatened that they would take the war into its territory. Mohammed Al-Bdr and the royal forces, on the other hand, accused Egypt of initiating and supporting the army rebellion in Yemen but Egypt vehemently denied those claims. A f... ...the Yemen conflict. Works Cited Amnesty International. Yemen: Human Rights Concerns Following Recent Armed Conflict. New York, NY: Amnesty International, 1994. Print. Caton, Steven C. Yemen Chronicle: An Anthropology of War and Mediation. New York, NY: Hill and Wang, 2005.Print. Clark, Janine A. Islam, Charity, and Activism: Middle-Class Networks and Social Welfare in Egypt, Jordan, and Yemen. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2004. Print. Little, Tom. South Arabia: Arena of Conflict. London: Pall Mall P., 1968. Print. Nefissa, Sarah Ben. NGOs and Governance in the Arab World. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2005. Print. Terrill, Andrew W., and Army War College (U.S.) Strategic Studies Institute. The Conflicts In Yemen And U.S. National Security. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, 2011. Print.

Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Essay -- Drama

Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Drama In 1999, a spectacle hit the west-end after it roared through Broadway in the USA, and a few weeks ago I went to see it at the Lyceum Theatre. Disney's award winning animation, The Lion King, was brought to life in musical fashion by director Julie Taymor. It was seen with its story line intact, but as a completely original and sophisticated piece of theatrical art. With over 40 actors, singers and dancers giving a stunning performance of puppetry, song, dance, fairytale and even humour. The story concerns young lion prince Simba, whose birth has pushed his evil uncle (Scar) back to second in line to the throne. Scar plots to kill both Simba and his father, King Mufasa, and steel the throne for himself. Simba survives and is left to believe his father's death was his fault, and so leaves the kingdom. He comes across a warthog and meercat called Pumbaa and Timon who look after him. Throughout the play this duo add many humorous moments that stick with the audience. He grows fully and is left with the decision whether to return to his rapidly crumbling kingdom at the hands of Scar. He faces Scar in a great and emotional finale. There is a very enchanting performance from Josette Bushell-Mingo as Rafiki, who takes on the wise old baboon of the play and acts as the plays narrator. Also, a convincing part by Cornell John as Mufasa and the young Simba is played impressively by a naturally cheek... Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Essay -- Drama Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Drama In 1999, a spectacle hit the west-end after it roared through Broadway in the USA, and a few weeks ago I went to see it at the Lyceum Theatre. Disney's award winning animation, The Lion King, was brought to life in musical fashion by director Julie Taymor. It was seen with its story line intact, but as a completely original and sophisticated piece of theatrical art. With over 40 actors, singers and dancers giving a stunning performance of puppetry, song, dance, fairytale and even humour. The story concerns young lion prince Simba, whose birth has pushed his evil uncle (Scar) back to second in line to the throne. Scar plots to kill both Simba and his father, King Mufasa, and steel the throne for himself. Simba survives and is left to believe his father's death was his fault, and so leaves the kingdom. He comes across a warthog and meercat called Pumbaa and Timon who look after him. Throughout the play this duo add many humorous moments that stick with the audience. He grows fully and is left with the decision whether to return to his rapidly crumbling kingdom at the hands of Scar. He faces Scar in a great and emotional finale. There is a very enchanting performance from Josette Bushell-Mingo as Rafiki, who takes on the wise old baboon of the play and acts as the plays narrator. Also, a convincing part by Cornell John as Mufasa and the young Simba is played impressively by a naturally cheek...

The emphasis (of MBO)

 «The emphasis (of MBO) is on trying to predict and influence the future rather than on responding and reacting by the seat of the pants. It is also a ‘results-oriented† philosophy of management, one of which emphasizes accomplishments and results. The focus is generally on change and on improving both individual and organizational effectiveness. » A successful implementation of MBO in any country requires a narrow examination of such elements as customs and traditions of that country, which give support to the application of MBO. These elemets are higly influenced by the history. Starting from the early centuries, Russian people got accustomed to live under the central rule when the tsar was the only decision-making body in the country. The communication between the rulers and ruled was flowing only one-way. The landlords, owning the farmers, set quotes to farmers without thinking whether they would be able to achieve them. Afterwards, when the bolshewiks came to rule instead of the monarchy, the same thing happened. Working for a state enterprise, the employees didn†t have a chance to set objectives for their work they performed. The central planning department set quotes, by which all the organizations had to obey even if those planks were set too high to reach. Workers were responsible for reaching organizational goals no matter for at what costs, but on the other side the means by which they had to reach the organizational goals were predetermined by the central planning department. So, we can see that the word  «central », which  «disables » MBO, was quite common and used heavily thrughout the whole history of Russia. Nevertheless, I would say, there were some elements of MBO such as rewarding the employees when they exceeded the quotes set by the central department. Reward was very seldom material. Usually, you would have received a red flag for an excellent work, and your photo would have been printed in the organization†s newspaper. In addition to the rewards, people were working for a common purpose: to reach the communism. And each piece they had produced contributed to this goal. Anyway, this system of rewards worked; it was a good source of motivation although it was resting solely in the willigness of the employees to contribute to the process. Factors that influence management in Russia After we had examined the historical factors that influence the application of MBO, let†s come down to determine factors that influence overall management in Russia now. As a result, it gives also some impact on the ability of MBO to be successful in this country. The first and also the most important factor is the social one. Managing an organization became a real challenge for managers during these hard times. Their decisions are highly influenced by the social environment surrounding the organization. Such a factor as, for instance, values goes hand in hand with the organization†s purpose (profit) in Western societies, but Russian people†s values are different. Russians, as they got accustomed that the only aim of the organization is to contribute to the public welfare, can†t and do not want to understand that the transition to capitalism and, particulary, to a free market economy will delete all the organizations that don†t bring profit that is at least enough to cover the expenses. That is why, for instance, formerly free hospitals are forced to charge fees. No matter whether it is for-profit or non-for-profit organization. It happened so that every organization should make money to live on. As Russia has been passing its stage of transition to a free market economy for only 7 years, there is a lack of specialized managers. Formerly, the best profession was considered to be a physician, but starting from 1991, people realized that the economy needed skilled managers (and employees), lawyers, etc. So, at the time being, there are only a few organizations that are led by professional managers and the rest by, for instance, doctors and teachers; as a result, Russia has a high rate of firm†s failures. The overall atmosphere of distrust has created such a situation where it is difficult to deal with any firm. You are afraid of being cheated; as a result, people are more likely to go for help to a state-owned organization than to a private one. Political instability in Russia explains why organizations in this country are so highly centralized. Due to need of the availability to adapt to the continuously changing situation, which requires application of conceptual skills, managers are forced to have a total control over their  «child », no matter how big the organization is. Lack of important laws creates another challenge for the Russian managers; however, for some of them it is an advantage, for instance, for Mafia. Such an important function of management as planning, which is important for MBO in order to be successful, can†t be realized fully because of ever changing situation. The manager can†t predict the future and plan for the organization because of the uncertainty about the future. That is why in Russia, also called  «the country of wonders », it is more likely to fail in business than in other countries. Another challenge for a manager is to run an organization under economic instability. The heavy dependence on the foreign investments from the USA, World Bank, IMF etc. contributes to factor of uncertainty: no investments – economic recession. In addition to that, the main financial resources are concentrated within a small group of people, called  «semibojarshina », owning the largest firms in Russia. And these become more and more involved in the political process. They extract resources, pass laws only if they are advantageous for their companies. The rest can only watch this  «game ». Focusing on the USA has led to copying the Western way of life, trying to produce goods and services like Americans without actually having knowledge or background in it. All these factors put pressure on the managers and influence the relationship between managers and employees, which is a prediciding factor for applying the MBO approach to a particular organization. Relationship between the employer and the employee MBO offers people a field within which to penetrate. Workers have a relative freedom of choice in deciding which means to choose for reaching a stated goal. They are motivated through reward given to individuals on the basis of how close they come to reaching their goals. Under MBO people should be self-directed and should like their work, and, of course, any MBO program is based on responsibility and proposes democratic leadership. Throughout the previous paragraph we can see that MBO works best under Theory Y. In order to know whether individual†s way of thinking about workers enables MBO to exist in this country, I†ve taken twenty Russian people (all work for Russian organizations) and tried to get out their assumptions about workers. The result was as follows. From the results we can see that most participants stuck to the Theory X, the theory that incorporates people who do not like work, must be forced to do the job, are motivated through the threat of punishment, see their personal gain in job security, and deslike responsibility. Under such conditions, an autocratic leadership is necessary. And only 4 people prefer the Theory Y. The theory that incorporates that people do not dislike work, work through self-direction, are motivated through recognition & reward, see their personal gain in fulfillment, and accept responsibility. Under such conditions a democratic leadership is possible. We see that the Theory Y, which enables MBO, got only 20%. From this research, I†ve proved my assumptions that the way of thinking about workers does not allow any MBO program to be implemented successfully. An impact on MBO has also the system of expectations, so it is important to know what different counterparts (employer and employee) expect from each other. To know what a Russian employer expects from a Russian employee I†ve asked 5 Russian people that are running companies to fill out a questionnaire. The result was the following. The second answer crosses out to ability of MBO to be successful. It does not allow an employee to be creative, to be able to set objectives together with the superior†¦ So we can see that the employer is not  «mentally » ready to apply the MBO approach at the time being. To know what a Russian employee expects from a Russian employer I†ve asked 15 Russian people that are working for Russian organizations to fill out a questionnaire. The result was the following. Nobody has mentioned any of the MBO†s characteristics (ability to set objectives,†¦). That gives us much food for thoughts. If employees† primary goals, while working for an organization, do not match the MBO†s gains (advantages), then MBO won†t be advantageous for the employees. As a result, the question arises  «Why should employees be for the application of MBO at their organization? »

Can Prejudice Ever Be Eliminated Essay

Can prejudice ever be eliminated? What exactly is prejudice? Contrary to popular belief, prejudice is not the same as discrimination, even though both terms are usually tossed into the fray together. Prejudice refers to the prejudgment; where people make assumptions or decisions even before being aware of the relevant facts. On the other hand, discrimination refers to the treatment or distinction in favour or against a particular person, group or class. That being said, prejudice would certainly be much more widespread in societies all over the world as compared to discrimination. After all, prejudice can manifest in a society in various different ways, such as racism, Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender (LGBT) violence, hate crimes and gender bias just to name a few. In Singapore, we are fortunate to not have to witness heinous crimes based on peoples’ prejudice against others with the government’s tough stance against such acts. This and other examples may just provide the slim chance of which the abolishment of prejudice in society may become a reality, as further discussions would attempt to show that prejudice may possibly be eradicated. Firstly, prejudice is actually not part of human nature, which is contrary to popular belief. A German social psychologist, Hofstatter, had suggested in 1954 that prejudice against members of other groups represents a â€Å"normal† phenomenon of human social life and that no one is free from this attitude. This would be an extreme conclusion as the absence of prejudice among young children show that prejudice is not innate, but learned. Children are brought into the world without bias and thus learn from those with close relations to them, learning their parent’s ethnic attitudes and even from the media. For example, the idea of white superiority and racism may have been implied in the American comedy â€Å"Friends†, where the entire cast are white people. Secondly, true to the Herd Mentality, societal pressures cause individuals to succumb other people’s prejudices. Media and other people in our lives shape the way we think. In order to conform to society and thus ‘fit in’, individuals would begin to formulate personal opinions based on the information obtained from social circles, family and of course, the media. Should these factors be subject to change, it would be possible to alter the mindset of the individual with respect to his or her prejudices. Thirdly, the lack of personal interaction with the group in question would undoubtledly lead to prejudgements. For example, the Israel and Palestinian hostilities are fuelled by the underlying prejudices among Israelis against Muslims and Palestinians against Jews. The closed border between Israel and Palestine just adds fuel to the fire, as the younger generations grow up with the predetermined mindset that people across the border were savage monsters, even if that was not the case. If people actually sat down around a table and got to know each other before they had the chance to judge each other, then there would be much less prejudice in the world today. When it comes to actually attempting to abolish prejudice thinking, there are certain aspects worth considering, namely the society, the individual, the government and the family. One way in which prejudice can be eliminated is through the education of young minds in schools. As previously mentioned, young children are not prejudiced against anyone and would thereafter pick up such prejudices from society. By teaching these children be open to multiple points of view and not be biased against certain people and viewpoints, we would then be able to prevent prejudicial thinking. This was demonstrated by Jane Elliot and her books â€Å"A Class Divided† as well as the documentary â€Å"The Eye Of The Storm† illustrates her famous â€Å"brown-eyed/blue-eyed† exercise. When utilised properly, education would have a powerful effect on young children. Another way in which prejudice can be eliminated would be through the family. Traditionally, individuals would spend the most amount of time with their parents. In these changing times, however, more and more parents are unable to spend time with their children and teach them the right moral values due to long working hours and school hours. Recently, the State Of The Family Report for 2011 found that the average number of hours that parents spend with their children was 29 hours per week. With less time to spend with their children, how would parents cultivate moral values and in their children? Furthermore, the conservative nature of Singapore households prevents seemingly sensitive topics from being brought up. Topics such as the LGBT community and feminism are seldom brought up, due to the reluctance of parents to fully explain the situation to their children. All these factors limit the role of parents when it comes to the teaching of moral values and mindsts. After all, not everything in life can be taught in a classroom. The government can also play a vital role in ensuring the abolishment of prejudice in society. The Singaporean government is playing a vital role in ensuring racial stability in Singapore. By ensuring that racist and insensitive comments are dealt with appropriately, it sends a message to the younger generation that being prejudiced is against the country’s morals and values. Furthermore, policies implemented by the government can help the financially troubled and close the income gap. This is just one of the ways that the government can step in to reduce prejudice from an economics point of view. Lastly, the thinking of the individual plays a very important part in the abolishment of prejudice. Individuals need to filter out the material that they encounter such that there are able to identify the right from the wrong. One good way of doing this would be through religion. Religion is able to provide a so-called ‘moral compass’ where religion will point the individual in the right direction, away from the prejudiced thoughts. Of course, as much as religion would be able to provide a moral foundation for the individual, it would also be a mistake to delve into the depths of extreme forms of religion, where words are twisted from their true meaning and the whole point of using religion as a moral guideline backfires. Prejudice may or may not be eliminated from the face of the Earth, we cannot tell presently. As prejudiced as the world may be as of now, with gay marriage legalisation being strongly protested and religious conflicts all over the world today, it is very difficult to believe that prejudice can be eliminated in our lifetime. However, as previously mentioned, should we take a collective approach in teaching the younger generation to live without prejudice, then the elimination of prejudiced thinking may just become a reality in the future.

Human Morality Essay

A common question throughout history has always been about human morality. Because of our higher thinking capacity, we are hardwired to adapt and refine our basic instincts to survive; therefore, it is obvious this question would be disputed throughout time. Are humans innately good, bad, or plainly neutral? The position that any one person takes may be derived from any number of ideas, be them philosophical thoughts or scientific inquiries. This essay asserts that morality is innate, and uses both scientific studies and ideas from philosophers to support this argument. Man is essentially good, and the different ways people are nurtured—from societal influences to parental influences—creates the large spectrum and variety of behavior that may not be deemed â€Å"good† or â€Å"moral. † The magazine Smithsonian published an article named â€Å"Born to Be Mild† in January of 2013 on morality in young children. This article wrote about a few different studies done on children by three different experimenters. In one of the studies titled â€Å"Spontaneous Altruism by Chimpanzees and Young Children,† Felix Warneken tested the morality of humans through young babies (because they have had little to no socialization) and also tested morality of chimpanzees, the closest relative to humans. In this study, 18-month-old toddlers were tested to see if they would help others in need by retrieving a dropped item that an adult struggled for. In almost all instances, the child returned the item. Warneken stated, â€Å"[Helping at that age] is not something that’s been trained, and [the children] come to help without prompting or without being rewarded† (Tucker 39). Not only did the toddlers help people in need, they also helped without social cues (such as the distress someone in need has). Many toddlers in the experiment Warneken created helped retrieve a can that had fallen off a table next to an adult and the adult failed to realize something was amiss. When Warneken tested the chimpanzees to see if they would return the same answers, he tested chimpanzees that were nursery-raised and semi-wild chimps. Both tests displayed the same results as the tests on the toddlers—chimpanzees were willing to help both humans and other chimps in need with no reward for themselves (Tucker 39-41). The fact that most of the toddlers and human relatives, the chimpanzees, helped others in need both with and without social cues strongly points to the idea that human morality is innate. A second study highlighted in the Smithsonian article was a reproduction of a previous study from the mid-2000s. The original study was an animated presentation shown to six to ten month old babies in one group and three month old babies in a second. The animated presentation consisted of a red circle attempted to climb a hill. In one instance, a triangle helped the circle climb, and in another, a square knocked the circle down. When the square and triangle were presented to the older group of babies, almost all babies chose the helping triangle over the hindering square. For the younger group, the researchers tracked the eye movement of the babies to either the triangle or square, because the babies could not physically grab the object. In the reproduction, done by another experimenter, the results were the same. Once again, evidence suggests that because babies seem so morally good, humans are innately good, and it is the nurture we receive as we are socialized into this culture that may cause some people to seem morally corrupt (Tucker 38-39). It should be noted that because the reproduction provided the same results as the original study, an even stronger case was created for the idea of innate human morality. The messages that Machiavelli gives in â€Å"The Qualities of the Prince† may cause one to believe that humans are innately evil because through â€Å"The Qualities of the Prince,† Machiavelli details how to be cunning, take control, and maintain control as a ruler of a province. His teachings seem to create humans as greedy people, hungry for more. This is actually very incorrect. Machiavelli clearly states, â€Å"it is necessary for a prince†¦to learn how to not be good† (42). I emphasize that Machiavelli wrote a man must learn to not be good. One can assume from this that Machiavelli is saying man is at least in some degree, wholesome and moral. After all, humans were never meant to civilize and evolve. We are, in true form, animals that have an instinct to survive. Ruling and gaining power is a man-made idea. Opponents to the idea that humans are moral might suggest that if ruling is man-made, evil is already within us because we created the concept of ruling others; however, if man were truly evil, he would not take murder as a heavy offense, and would kill others in his way to get what he wants instead of just gaining control. The examples of rulers that Machiavelli writes help to reiterate this point. These men were not born thinking of war and control. They were raised and socialized to lead and gain power. Steinbeck and the messages he delivers in The Grapes of Wrath also point to the idea that human morality is innate. The author often writes of the distinct line of those with, and those without—in other words, the owners and the migrants or farmers. Steinbeck makes a point to write about how close-knit the migrants are in many instances. Steinbeck writes â€Å"‘I lost my land’ is changed†¦[to] ‘We lost our land. ’,† ‘I have a little food’ plus ‘I have none’†¦. is ‘We have a little food’† (151); â€Å"the twenty families became one family† (193); and â€Å"when a baby dies a pile of silver coins grew at the door flap† (195). All of these quotes show the goodness in others, to do something for someone in need. This is all in contrast to the owners, which on multiple different pages Steinbeck writes how disconnected they are from the land, and â€Å"the quality of owning freezes you forever into ‘I’† (Steinbeck 152). These owners are so encompassed by the material culture around them, by the greed and the blanketed reality that they cannot see with a moral compass anymore. Of course they have one, for at one point they might have been like the farmers, caring for others and instituted into the â€Å"we† group. Proponents for human neutrality might argue that the owners were never at any point good, that they were neutral and socialized into the owning culture, unlike the farming culture. This is not the case, however, through a passage that Steinbeck wrote very early in The Grapes of Wrath, which said, â€Å"Some of the owner men were kind because they hated what they had to do, and some of them were angry because they hated to be cruel, and some of them were cold because they had long ago found that one could not be an owner unless one were cold† (31). This insinuates that in all types of owners, there is a moral compass. Even in the coldest owners, deep within them, they acknowledge the idea that the work they do is wrong. Because the owners know what is wrong, they know the opposite as well—what is right. If the owners were not innately good, their views on what is right or wrong would be skewed by their societal influences. While people will never give up the argument of human morality, it is a safe bet to argue that humans are innately good. We possess the ability to help spontaneously and without reward, as shown in the scientific studies, and we understand what is right and wrong. Our societal influences and the way we were raised affects if we will channel our morality or go against it, as shown by Machiavelli in â€Å"The Qualities of the Prince† and by Steinbeck in The Grapes of Wrath. Works Cited Machiavelli, Niccolo. â€Å"The Qualities of the Prince. † A World of Ideas. Ed. Lee Jacobus. 8th e. Boston: Bedford, 2010. Print. Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York: Penguin, 1939. Print. Tucker, Abigail. â€Å"Born to Be Mild. † Smithsonian Jan. 2013: 35-41, 76-77. Print.

Potash Corp Analysis

Potash Corp Analysis The Share Price of the Company Potash Corp is one of the leading companies in the sector of global fertilizers production (Shmuel n.p.). It is believed that the â€Å"long-term demand outlook† for fertilizers is â€Å"robust† (Shmuel n.p.). At present the share price of the company is rather high. For instance, it reached 46.27 USD during the latest trading date at NYSE (â€Å"Share Price Lookup†).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Potash Corp Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, it is necessary to note that the price has changed slightly. It is possible to trace steady growth. For instance, the share price in the beginning of the year (January 3, 2012) was 43.73 USD, but it reached 45.48 USD on January 17, 2012 (â€Å"Share Price Lookup†). In the beginning of February 2012 (February, 3) the price reached the mark of 46.93 USD, but it went down several days after that and reac hed only 45.99 USD. On February, 28 it went as low as 47.13 USD. It went down and on March 15, it reached 42.87 USD. After that there was no such a decline. Since March there is a steady growth. However, the price did not reach the mark of 46.93 USD, the share price is now 46.27 USD. Therefore, the share price is not that stable at present. Changes in Prices Over Time Notably, the last year share price in this period of the year (April, 4 2011) reached as high as 61.44 USD (â€Å"Share Price Lookup†). In the beginning of 2011 the share price reached only 52.21 USD. On April, 1 2010 the share price was rather low as it reached the mark of 39.17 USD. Interestingly, in 2007 (on March, 30) the share price was 17.77 USD. In 2000 the share price was only 2.74 USD. Notably, in the beginning of the company’s history (in 1990) the share price was 0.69 USD (April, 2). Thus, it is possible to trace the growth of the share price of the company. Admittedly, there were some periods of slow growth, and there were periods of certain decline. Nonetheless, the share price of the company has been growing steadily since 1989. Ownership and Investment The company was founded by the government of the province of Saskatchewan. Investment of some American businesses was also used. The company obtained numerous subsidies from the government. In early 1980s it was decided to make the company partially public owned. At present according to the company’s 2011 Annual Report in the beginning of 2012 (on February 21) â€Å"there were 1,563 holders of record of the company’s common shares† (PotashCorp 2011 Annual Report 156).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company also invests in several companies worldwide. For instance, Potash Corp. owns 22% of shares of Sinofert Holdings Limited. It is also important to mention the company’ s 32% ownership of Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile S.A., and the company’s 28%ownership of Arab Potash Company Ltd (PotashCorp 2011 Annual Report 101). Thus, the company has invested in some businesses in Jordan, Israel and China. For instance, the company owns 14% of shares of ICL (Israel). The company has subsidiaries in Ethiopia as well. Basically, the company intends to develop the business of fertilizers production across the world. Interestingly, American companies have been also interested in investing into Potash Corp. However, Canadian government tends to ban any attempts on the part of non-Canadian companies to invest into such strategic companies as Potash Corp (Brent n.p.). The Company’s Strategic Plan for Expansion The company has not got particular strategic plan where all stages and steps are highlighted. Nonetheless, the company is going to follow the plan of development and further integrity. The company is planning to co-operate with and develop po tash-related businesses in Asia, the Middle East and South America (PotashCorp 2011 Annual Report 10). The company has recently announced its intention to develop potash-related business in Ethiopia. Thus, Allana Potash Corp. has announced its advances in the field (â€Å"Allana Intersects Further Strong Potash Mineralization†). Allana announced that it achieved great results. At this point it is necessary to note that some subsidiaries of Potash Corp. are not that successful. For instance, Ethiopian Potash Corp. has faced severe financial constraints (Koven n.p.). In fact, some analysts claim that the situation is really dangerous for the company as it can go bankrupt if some urgent measures are not taken. Therefore, the company has to address these issues.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Potash Corp Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, instead of precisely outlined expansion Potash Corp is more concerned with the development of its subsidiaries. However, the company is still working on further development of businesses in such parts of the world as the Middle East, Asia and South America (PotashCorp 2011 Annual Report 28). Recent News The most recent news, concerning the company, can confirm its commitment to improve the living standards. The company is committed to develop the society. Thus, the company donates $500,000 to â€Å"support local medical education program in New Brunswick† (â€Å"PotashCorp Helps†). This program will help to develop health care services in the area. Apart from this, the company has launched another company to develop education in Saskatoon donating $375,000 to improve students’ nutrition. Thus, the company strives for development in different areas (â€Å"PotashCorp Feeding the Future†). The company provides financial support and helps communities to develop. This creates a positive image of the company which also pays a lot of attention to environment and sustainability. Apart from charity projects, the company also highlighted the new contract signed by Canpotex and Sinofert. The contract is a part of Memorandum of Understanding which was signed by the two companies in 2010 (â€Å"Canpotex and Sinofert†). This announcement suggests that Potash Corp is committed to develop the business in different parts of the world. It also verifies the company’s interest in Asian businesses as well. Human Resource Management According to â€Å"Core Values and Code of Conduct† the company invests in the development of its employees (5). The employees are trained and well informed. They have the necessary knowledge of the company’s values. The company sets numerous safety programs to ensure its employees’ safety. Remarkably, the company provides â€Å"science-based explanations of how† their products â€Å"contribute to global food security† (â€Å"Core Valu es and Code of Conduct† 5). The company’s employees are encouraged to raise issues and concerns. This makes every employee involved and interested in the development of the company. The employees are also encouraged to make ethical decisions.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These decisions should be made in interactions with other employees, executives, partners, etc. Thus, it is possible to state that the company pays a lot of attention to the development of its employees who are encouraged to self-develop and help to develop the company. Numerous programs (safety programs, training courses, etc.) increase the employees’ loyalty. Allana Intersects Further Strong Potash Mineralization and Extends Drilling Program. Market Watch. 3 Apr. 2012. Web. marketwatch.com/story/allana-intersects-further-strong-potash-mineralization-and-extends-drilling-program-2012-04-03-71520?reflink=MW_news_stmp. Brent, Paul. â€Å"Investment Pours into Energy Sector, Despite Challenges.† The Globe and Mail. 29 Mar. 2012. Web. theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/investment-pours-into-energy-sector-despite-challenges/article2385594/. Canpotex and Sinofert Sign New Contract. potashcorp.com. 20 Mar. 2012. Web. potashcorp.com/news/1425/. Core Values and Code of Condu ct. potashcorp.com. Dec. 2007. Web. potashcorp.com/media/POT_CoreValues.pdf. Koven, Peter. â€Å"Ethiopian Potash on the Brink of Collapse.† Financial Post. 3 Apr. 2012. Web. http://business.financialpost.com/2012/04/03/ethiopian-potash-on-the-brink-of-collapse/. PotashCorp 2011 Annual Report. potashcorp.com. 2011. Web. http://potashcorp.s3.amazonaws.com/2011_PotashCorp_Annual_Report.pdf . PotashCorp Feeding the Future of Saskatoon Students. potashcorp.com. 28 Mar. 2012. Web. potashcorp.com/news/1433/. PotashCorp Helps Province Focus on Health Education. potashcorp.com. 2 Apr. 2012. Web. potashcorp.com/news/1435/. Share Price Lookup. potashcorp.com. n.d. Web. potashcorp.com/investors/stock_information/historic/?iframe=1 Shmuel, John. â€Å"Four Canadian-Listed Companies Exposed to Global Fertilizer Growth.† Financial Post. 29 Mar. 2012. Web. http://business.financialpost.com/2012/03/29/four-canadian-listed-companies-exposed-to-global-fertilizer-growth/.